Abu
al-Hasan Ali Bin Sahl Rabban al-Tabari
Ali Bin Rabban's surname was Abu al-Hasan, This accomplished
Hakim was the tutor of the unparalleled physician Zakariya
al-Razi. Luck favoured the disciple more than the teacher
in terms of celebrity. As compared to Razi people know very
little about his teacher Ali.
Ali Bin Rabban's surname was Abu al-Hasan, the full name
being Abu al-Hasan Ali Bin Sahl Rabban al-Tabari. Born in
838 A.D. his father Sahl hailed from a respectable Jew family.
The nobility and sympathy inherent in his very nature soon
endeared him to his countrymen so much so that they used
to call him Rabban which implies "my leader".
Professionally Sahl was an extremely successful physician.
He had command over the art of calligraphy too. Besides
he had a deep insight into the disciplines of Astronomy,
Philosophy, Mathematics and Literature. Some complicated
articles of Batlemus's book al-Mijasti came to be resolved
by way of Sahl's scholarly expertise, translators preceding
him had failed to solve the mystery.
Ali received his education in the disciplines of Medical
science and calligraphy from his able father Sahl and attained
perfection in these fields. He had also mastered Syriac
and Greek languages to a high degree of proficiency. Ali
hailed from a Israelite family. Since he had embraced Islam,
he is classified amongst Muslirn Scholars. This family belonged
to Tabristan's famous city Marv.
The fame acquired by Ali Bin Rabban did not simply account
for the reason that a physician of the stature of Zakariya
al-Razi was amongst his disciple. In fact the main cause
behind his exaltation lies in his world-renowned treatise
Firdous al-Hikmat . Spread over seven parts, Firdous al-Hikmat
is the first ever Medical encyclopaedia which incorporates
all the branches of medical science in its folds. This work
has been published in this century (20th century) only.
Prior to this publication only five of his manuscripts were
to be found scattered in libraries the world over. Dr. Mohammed
Zubair Siddiqui compared and edited the manuscripts. In
his preface he has provided extremely useful information
regarding the book and the author and, wherever felt necessary,
explanatory notes have been written to facilitate publication
of this work on modern publishing standards.
Later on this unique work was published with the cooperation
of English and German institutions. Following are the details
of its all seven parts:
1. Part one: Kulliyat-e-Tibb. This part throws light on
contemporary ideology of medical science. In that era these
principles formed the basis of medical science.
2.
Part two: Elucidation of the organs of the human body, rules
for keeping good health and comprehensive account of certain
muscular diseases.
3.
Part three: Description of diet to be taken in conditions
of health and disease.
4.
Part four: All diseases right from head to toe. This part
is of profound significance in the whole book and comprises
twelve papers:
i) General causes relating to eruption of diseases. ii) Diseases
of the head and the brain. iii) Diseases relating to the eye,
nose, ear, mouth and the teeth. iv) Muscular diseases (paralysis
and spasm). v) Diseases of the regions of the chest, throat
and the lungs. vi) Diseases of the abdomen. vii) Diseases
of the liver. viii) Diseases of gallbladder and spleen. ix)
Intestinal diseases. x) Different kinds of fever. xi) Miscellaneous
diseases--Brief explanation of organs of the body. xii) Examination
of pulse and urine. This part is the largest in the book and
is almost half the size of the whole book.
5. Part five: Description of flavour, taste and colour.
6.
Part six: Drugs and poison.
7.
Part seven: Deals with diverse topics. Discusses climate and
astronomy. Also contains a brief mention of Indian medicine.
Though he wrote Firdous al-Hikmat in Arabic but he simultaneously
translated it into Syriac. He has two more compilations to
his credit namely Deen-o-Doulat and Hifdh al-Sehhat. The latter
is available in manuscript-form in the library of Oxford University.
Besides Medical science, he was also a master of Philosophy,
Mathematics and Astronomy. He breathed his last around 870
A.D. |