Abdullah
Ibn Umm Maktum RA
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Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum was a cousin of Khadijah bint Khuwaylid,
RA. His father was Qays ibn Za'id and his mother was Aatikah
bint Abdullah. She was called Umm Maktum (Mother of the Concealed
One) because she gave birth to a blind child.
Abdullah
witnessed the rise of Islam in Makkah. He was amongst the
first to accept Islam. He lived through the persecution of
the Muslims and suffered what the other companions of the
Prophet experienced. His attitude, like theirs, was one of
firmness, staunch resistance and sacrifice. Neither his dedication
nor his faith weakened against the violence of the Quraysh
onslaught. In fact, all this only increased his determination
to hold on to the religion of God and his devotion to His
messenger.
In
this period, the Prophet, peace be upon him, was concentrating
on the Quraysh notables and was eager that they should become
Muslims. On one particular day, he met with some Quraysh Nobles
and had begun talking and negotiating with them and telling
them about Islam. He so much wished that they would respond
positively to him and accept Islam or at least call off their
persecution of his companions. While he was thus engaged,
Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum came up and asked him to read a verse
from the Qur'an.
The
Prophet frowned and turned away from him. He turned his attention
instead to the prestigious group of Quraysh, hoping that they
would become Muslims and that by their acceptance of Islam
they would bring greatness to the religion of Allah and strengthen
his mission. As soon as he had finished speaking to them and
had left their company, he suddenly felt partially blinded
and his head began to throb violently.
At
this point the following revelation came to him: "He
frowned and turned away when the blind man approached him!
Yet for all you knew, (O Muhammad), he might perhaps have
grown in purity or have been reminded of the Truth, and helped
by this reminder. Now as for him who believes himself to be
self-sufficient to him you gave your whole attention, although
you are not accountable for his failure to attain to purity.
But as for him who came unto you full of eagerness and in
awe of God, him did you disregard. (Surah Abasa 80: 116).
These
are the sixteen verses which were revealed to the noble Prophet
about Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum. Sixteen verses that have continued
to be recited from that time till today and shall continue
to be recited. From that day the Prophet did not cease to
be generous to Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum, to ask him about his
affairs, to fulfil his needs and take him into his council
whenever he approached. This is not strange. Was he not censured
by God in a most severe manner on Abdullah's account? In fact,
in later years, he often greeted Ibn Umm Maktum with these
words of humility: "Welcome unto him on whose account
my Sustainer has rebuked me."
In
spite of thus being excused from jihad, the soul of Abdullah
ibn Umm Maktum refused to be content with staying among those
who remained at home when an expedition was in progress. Great
souls are not content with remaining detached from affairs
of great moment. He determined that no campaign should by-pass
him. He fixed a role for himself on the battle field. He would
say: "Place me between two rows and give me the standard.
I will carry it for you and protect it, for I am blind and
cannot run away."
In
the fourteenth year after the Hijra, Umar RA resolved to mount
a major assault against the Persians to bring down their State
and open the way for the Muslim forces. So he wrote to his
governors: "Send anyone with a weapon or a horse or who
can offer any form of help to me. And make haste." Crowds
of Muslims from every direction responded to Umar's call and
converged on Madinah. Among all these was the blind mujahid,
Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum.
When
the army reached Qadisiyyah, Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum was prominent,
wearing a coat of armour and fully prepared. He had vowed
to carry and protect the standard of the Muslims or be killed
in the process. The forces met and engaged in battle for three
days. The fighting was among the most fierce and bitter in
the history of the Muslim conquests. On the third day, the
Muslims achieved a mighty victory as one of the greatest empires
in the world collapsed and one of the most secure thrones
fell. The price of this clear victory was hundreds of martyrs.
Among them was Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum. He was found dead
on the battlefield clutching the flag of the Muslims. |